Programmer: Lifelong Learning: Python

When I use Google pinyin, sometimes, it’s in SBC (全角) mode; the typed text would be SBC cases, such as “ｈｅｌｌｏ　ｗｏｒｌｄ”, the typed text is totally useless to me. In the past, I have to delete them and retype. This sucks and time wasted.

So after learned from http://npppythonscript.sourceforge.net/ that: we can use python scripts to extend notepad++ function easily, so I decide to write a notepad++ addon, which can change the selected text from SBC cases to DBC cases.

So now, I only need select the text, click button in the toolbar, the text will be changed from SBC to DBC cases, from ＂ｈｅｌｌｏ　ｗｏｒｌｄ＂　to "hello world".

Life is much easier now :)

The complete code is as below:

def SBCToDBC(ustring):

'''From http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-1762033-1-1.html'''

result = ''

for uchar in ustring:

inside_code = ord(uchar)

if inside_code == 12288:

inside_code = ' ';

elif not inside_code in range(32, 127):

inside_code -= 65248;

if inside_code in range(32, 127):

result += unichr(inside_code).encode('utf-8', 'ignore');

else:

result +=uchar;

return result.encode('utf-8', 'ignore');

selected = editor.getSelText().decode('utf8');

reversed = SBCToDBC(selected)

editor.replaceSel(reversed);

To view the complete code, please refer: https://github.com/jefferyyuan/tools/blob/master/notepadplusplus-plugins/SBCtoDBC.py

About how to install the PythonScript, create a user python script, run it from Scripts submenu, assign the script to the toolbar, or assign it a shortcut, please read http://npppythonscript.sourceforge.net/docs/latest/usage.html#installation.

For more information, please refer: https://plus.google.com/101157854606139706613/posts/68pAvApmZ34

pyCharm

Change Navigate -> Declaration shortcut to Cmd+click by Adding Mouse Shortcut

Original Ctrl+Click conflicts Mac’s right click

Assign Cmd+F to Find

Pass command arguments to python

Run->Edit configurations->“+” (add new config)->Python -> add Script params

Use requirements.txt to install dependences

if failed, run ./venv/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt in Terminal

Use ToolBox to upgrade pyCharm

Inspect long collection

Evaluate expression: print(list)

Add folder as source folder

Python

Prefer to use str.format over %

% may throw error
- not enough arguments for format string
- not all arguments converted during string formatting #### List functions in a module
dir(modulename)
help(modulename)

is vs ==

== checks equality, is checks identities

sys.argv

list of strings representing the arguments
sys.argv[0]: name of the script

os.chdir(“../..”)

Don’t change current directory
Don’t change state, hard to test, bug

Execute external commands

If passing a single string, either shell must be True or else the string must simply name the program to be executed without specifying any arguments.

import subprocess
subprocess.check_call("git clone --depth 1 -b master " + git_repo, cwd=tmp_folder, shell=True)
commit_id = subprocess.check_output(["git log --pretty=format:%H"], cwd=git_repo_folder, shell=True)

import shlex
subprocess.call(shlex.split(crop))

Gotcha

Python doesn’t support ++

Tools

python -m SimpleHTTPServer
| python -mjson.tool

Installing a different python 2.7

sudo yum install python27
rpm -ql python2.7-stack-2.7.12-1.9.g680e0d1.x86_64
/opt/python-2.7/bin/python

Pip

PIP Install on Mac: Operation Not Permitted

pip install
–user
- install the package into your own home directory

pip install –ignore-installed six

Debugging

pudb

python2.7 -m pip install pudb
python2.7 -m pudb.run s.py

logging

*args and **kwargs

The *args will give you all function parameters as a tuple
The **kwargs will give you all keyword arguments except for those corresponding to a formal parameter as a dictionary.
*l idiom is to unpack argument lists when calling a function

def greet_me(**kwargs):
    for key, value in kwargs.items():
        print("{0} = {1}".format(key, value))

Modules

main.py to to create executables for zipfile for folder

# the main method in python
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # execute only if run as a script
    main()

Unit test

Patch multiple methods from a module or class
Class Attributes vs Instance Attributes

class MyClass(object):
    class_var = 1
    def __init__(self, i_var):
        self.i_var = i_var
    def method(self):
      another_method(MyClass.class_var, self.i_var)

import unittest
class XTestClass(unittest.TestCase):
  @classmethod
  def setUpClass(cls):
  @classmethod
  def tearDownClass(cls):
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
from unittest.mock import Mock
# for python 2.7: import mock
@mock.patch("my_module.method_to_mock")

# Change return value for each call
mock_method.side_effect = ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
@patch("foo.load",side_effects=["a","b","c"])

self.assertRaises(XException, func)
# Capture Exception
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
    failure.fail()
self.assertEqual('expected error message',str(cm.exception))

self.assertRaisesRegexp(ValueError, 'error message pattern', int, 'XYZ')
with self.assertRaisesRegexp(ValueError, 'error message pattern'):
    int('XYZ')

# Assert method not called
assert not func.called, 'method should not have been called'
self.assertFalse(mock_method.called)

mock.assert_called_with(args_value) 

# Patch multiple methods from a module or class
with patch.multiple(simulator,
        ma=DEFAULT,mb=DEFAULT,
        autospec=True) as mocks:

# Mock methods manually
simulator.ma = create_autospec(simulator.ma)
simulator.mb = create_autospec(simulator.mb)

@patch.object(XClass, 'ma', autospec=True)
@patch.object(XClass, 'mb', autospec=True)
@patch.object(XClass, '_handle_set_watchdog', autospec=True)

Misc

init.py to make Python treat the directories as containing packages

TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'dict' objects
print "web_response=", web_response

def log(self, msg):
    print "{} {}".format(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"), msg)
    
# difference syntax compared with java
if condition_a or cb and not (ca)
a is not None

for iterating_var in sequence:
   statements(s)

raise Exception(msg)
 try:
 except: 
     print "oh dear"
 except TypeError,e:
     print "dealing with TypeError"
 except IndexError, e:
     print "dealing with IndexError"
 finally:
     print "the end"
# Custom exception
 class CarError(Exception):
     def __init__(self, car, msg=None):
         super(CarError, self).__init__(msg)
         self.car = car
# Merge two dicts into a new one
z = x.copy()   # start with x's keys and values
z.update(y)    # modifies z with y's keys and values & returns None

# Utility functions for copying and archiving files and directory trees.
import shutil
shutil.rmtree("the_folder")

os.path.exists(directory)
os.makedirs(directory)

# Use pass for no-op

# Parse file - https://stackabuse.com/read-a-file-line-by-line-in-python/
with open(filepath) as fp:  
   for cnt, line in enumerate(fp):
       print("Line {}: {}".format(cnt, line))      
with open(filepath) as fp:  
  line = fp.readline()
  while line:
      line = fp.readline()
      
global globvar    # use global to declare the variable in function when need modify it
globvar = 1

if not alist: #check list is not empty
len(aList)

Python Scripts to Reverse Words in Notepad++

Python Scripts to Change Selected Text from SBC to DBC in Notepad++

Notes on Python